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  • Ðåôåðàò: Èíâåñòèöèîííûé àíàëèç ïðîåêòà (õëåáî-áóëî÷íîé)

       

        3.  3.1 Êîýôô. äèñêîíò. ïðè Å=1,5    1            0,4        0,16        0,064  0,0256    0,0256

                                                                                     2,5        6,25      15,625  39,06

                                                                                                   

             3.2×èñòàÿ òåêóùàÿ ñòîèìîñòü   - 532,0  282,54   105,18      38,94     13,07      10,28

                (ñòð.1 õ  ñòð.3.1)


             3.3 Êóìóëÿòèâíàÿ  ÷èñòàÿ 

                òåêóùàÿ  ñòîèìîñòü

                (ñòð.3.2 ñ  íàðàñòàþùèì.èòî-

                 ãîì)                                          - 532,0  -249,46 -144,28    -105,34   -92,27    -81,99

    Å âí. = 1, 3, ÷òî áîëüøå ïðèíÿòîé íîðìû äèñêîíòà. Ñëåäîâàòåëüíî èíâåñòèöèè â äàííûé ïðîåêò îïðàâäàíû.

    8.9. Ôèíàíñîâûé ïðîôèëü ïðîåêòà

    Ïî äàííûì òàáëèö 19 è 20 ïðîèçâîäèì ïîñòðîåíèå ãðàôèêîâ ôèíàíñîâîãî ïðîôèëÿ ïðîåêòà :

    à) ÷èñòûõ äåíåæíûõ ïîòîêîâ ñ íàðàñòàþùèì èòîãîì ;

    á) ÷èñòûõ òåêóùèõ ñòîèìîñòåé ñ íàðàñòàþùèì èòîãîì ïðè íîðìå äèñêîíòà

    Å = 0, 35;

    â) ãðàôè÷åñêàÿ èíòåðïðåòàöèÿ âíóòðåííåãî êîýôôèöèåíòà ýôôåêòèâíîñòè.

    Ôèíàíñîâûé ïðîôèëü ïðîåêòà ïðåäñòàâëåí íà ðèñóíêå 5.

    Ïî ãðàôèêàì óòî÷íÿåì ñðîê îêóïàåìîñòè èíâåñòèöèé, êîòîðûé ðàâåí :

    -      áåç äèñêîíòèðîâàíèÿ –1, 1 ãîäà ;

    -      ñ äèñêîíòèðîâàíèåì  – 1, 1 ãîäà.

     


    Òûñ.ðóá.

         3000

                       2836,94

     


        2500

                       2435,28

                                                                         ×èñòûé äåíåæíûé ïîòîê

                                                                          íàðàñòàþùèì èòîãîì

     


         2000

     


                           Ñðîê îêóïàåìîñòè èíâåñòèöèé

                          ñäèñêîíòèðîâàíèåì

                                    

         1500          áåç äèñêîíòèðîâàíèÿ

                         1358,6

                                                                         ×èñòàÿ òåêóùàÿ ñòîèìîñòü

                         1237,7                                                     íàðàñòàþùèì èòîãîì   Íîðìà         

                                                                          äèñîíòà Å= 35%

         1000

     


                                                                                                                         Èíòåãðàëüíûé

                                                                                                                         ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé

                                                                                                                         ýôôåêò

          

            500

                                                                                                                                               

                

     


                                                                                                                                          ÂÐÅÌß

              0

                                                                                                                                           (ÃÎÄÛ)

                         Ìàêñèìàëüíûé

                         äåíåæíûé  îòòîê                ×èñòàÿ òåêóùàÿ ñòîèìîñòü íàðàñò. èòîãîì                                                                  Âíóòðåííèé êîýôôèöèåíò ýôôåêòèâíîñòè

          -500                                                   Åâí = 1,3

                                     -532,0

     


                                     Ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé  ñðîê  æèçíè  èíâåñòèöèé

                Ðèñ.8.5.  Ôèíàíñîâûé  ïðîôèëü  ïðîåêòà

      8.10.  Îïðåäåëåíèå òî÷êè áåçóáûòî÷íîãî âåäåíèÿ õîçÿéñòâà

                Ïî äàííûì òàáëèöû 11 îïðåäåëÿåì òî÷êó áåçóáûòî÷íîãî âåäåíèÿ õîçÿéñòâà

    V êð. = ( Ó ïîñ. õ V ) / ( Ð – Ó ïåð. ) = ( 0, 21 õ 1080000 ) / ( 2, 5 – 1, 685 ) =

    = 226800 / 0, 815 = 278282 øò.

    ãäå : V êð. – îáúåì âûïóñêà õëåáîáóëî÷íûõ èçäåëèé (  øò. ) ïðè êîòîðîì äîñòèãàåòñÿ òî÷êà áåçóáûòî÷íîñòè ;

    V – ãîäîâîé âûïóñê èçäåëèé ( øò. ) = 1080000 ;

    Ó ïîñò. – óñëîâíî ïîñòîÿííûå èçäåðæêè íà îäíî èçäåëèå = 0, 21 ðóá. ;

    Ó ïåð. – óñëîâíî ïåðåìåííûå èçäåðæêè íà îäíî èçäåëèå = 1, 685 ðóá ;

    Ð – ñâîáîäíàÿ îòïóñêíàÿ öåíà ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ = 2, 5 ðóá. ;

    Ãðàôè÷åñêîå îïðåäåëåíèå òî÷êè áåçóáûòî÷íîñòè ïîêàçàíî íà ðèñóíêå 6.

     


                          Íà  îäèí  áàòîí  ( ðóá.)

                        1.  Öåíà  ( Ð )                 -   2-50

                     2.  Ó.ïåð.èçä.                 -   1,685

                     3.  Ð – Ó.ïåð.èçä. (1-2)  =  0,815            

     


                Ìëí.ðóá.

    3

             2,7                                                                                                                       2700ò.ð.

     


    2.5

                                                                                                                         653,4                                                                                                                                    ò.ðóá.              Û

    2                                                                                                                                            Ð

                                                                                             ÏÐÈÁÛËÜ                      Ñ         Ó

    1.5                                                                                                                                        å                ×

                                                                                                                                        á                 Ê

                                                                                                                                                                                       å                 À

    1       Òî÷êà  áåçóáûòî÷íîñòè                                     óñëîâíî-ïåðåìåííûå       ñ                                                                                                 èçäåðæêè 1819,8 ò.ðóá.   ò

                                                                                                                                       î

    0.5                                                                             Óñëîâíî-ïîñòîÿííû              è

                                                                                     èçäåðæêè 226,8 ò.ðóá.              ìîñòü   2046.6ò.ð.

           óáûòêè                                                                                                                                                      

    0

                                    278,3                                                                                   1080

                 100      200        300      400        500        600        700        800        900        1000             1100

                                                                                                                     Îáúåì     âûïóñêà
                                                                                                                / òûñ. øò. /

     Ðèñ.8.6.   Ãðàôèê  áåçóáûòî÷íîñòè  âåäåíèÿ  õîçÿéñòâà

     

     


    8.11. Êîýôôèöèåíò óñòîé÷èâîñòè ïðîåêòà  ( K ó ).

     Åãî ðàñ÷èòûâàåì êàê îòíîøåíèå ïðîèçâîäñòâåííîé ïðîãðàììû ( V ) ïðè ïîëíîì îñâîåíèè ê V êð.

    Ê ó = V / V êð. ;  Ê ó = 1080000 / 278282 = 3, 88

    8.12. Ðåíòàáåëüíîñòü îñíîâíûõ ôîíäîâ.

    Ðåíòàáåëüíîñòü îñíîâíûõ ôîíäîâ (ïðîñòóþ) R îô ðàñ÷èòûâàåì êàê îòíîøåíèå ñðåäíåãîäîâîãî   çíà÷åíèÿ   ÷èñòîé   ïðèáûëè  ( Ï ÷. ñð. ã. )  ê  ñòîèìîñòè   îñíîâíûõ  ôîíäîâ( Ê îô ):

    R îô = ( Ï ÷. ñð. ã. ) / ( Ê îô ) õ 100 %

    Çíà÷åíèå ñðåäíåãîäîâîé ÷èñòîé ïðèáûëè îïðåäåëÿåì êàê ÷àñòíîå îò äåëåíèÿ ñóììû çíà÷åíèÿ ÷èñòîé ïðèáûëè ïî ãîäàì ïðîèçâîäñòâà ïðîäóêöèè ( ñòð. 8 òàáëèöà 17 ) íà ÷èñëî ëåò ïðîèçâîäñòâà.

    Ï ÷. ñð. ã. = ( 562, 78 + 653, 16 + 604, 17 + 555, 19 + 457, 21 ) / 5 = 566, 502 òûñ 

    Ñòîèìîñòü îñíîâíûõ ôîíäîâ Ê îô = 532, 0 òûñ. ðóá. ( ñòð. 1 òàáë. 14 ).

    Ïðîñòàÿ ðåíòàáåëüíîñòü îñíîâíûõ ôîíäîâ :

    R îô = ( 566, 502 ) / ( 532, 0 ) õ 100 % = 95, 21 %.


    Òàáëèöà 8.21.

    Ñâîäíûå ôèíàíñîâî – ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå ïîêàçàòåëè ïðîåêòà

     


                      Ïîêàçàòåëè                                Åäèíèöû èçìåðåíèÿ     ×èñëåííîå çíà÷åíèå

     

     1.        Îáùèå èíâåñòèöèè                              òûñ. ðóá.                                    658, 76

                    â òîì ÷èñëå :


         1.1.Ïåðâîíà÷àëüíûå ôèêñèðîâàííûå

          èíâåñòèöèè â îñíîâíûå ôîíäû                  òûñ .ðóá.                                    532, 0

               

          1.2.  Îáîðîòíûå ñðåäñòâà                             òûñ. ðóá.                                    126, 76


     2.     Ìàêñèìàëüíûé äåíåæíûé îòòîê             òûñ. ðóá.                                      47, 25

           

     3.    Êóìóëÿòèâíûé ÷èñòûé äåíåæíûé

                ïîòîê                                                        òûñ. ðóá.                                   2836, 94


     4.    Èíòåãðàëüíûé ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé

      ýôôåêò ( Å = 0, 35 )                                      òûñ. ðóá.                                   1358, 6


    5.   Âíóòðåííèé êîýôôèöèåíò

    ýôôåêòèâíîñòè                                                                                                    1, 3


    6.   Ñðîê îêóïàåìîñòè

           èíâåñòèöèé áåç äèñêîíòèðîâàíèÿ                  ëåò                                              1, 1


    7.   Ñðîê îêóïàåìîñòè

            èíâåñòèöèé ñ äèñêîíòèðîâàíèåì                  ëåò                                              1, 1


    8.   Òî÷êà áåçóáûòî÷íîãî âåäåíèÿ

    õîçÿéñòâà                                           òûñ. øò. èçäåëèé â ãîä                         278, 3


    9.   Êîýôôèöèåíò

    óñòîé÷èâîñòè                                                                                                        3, 88


    10.   Ðåíòàáåëüíîñòü ( ïðîñòàÿ )

                îñíîâíûõ ôîíäîâ                                         %                                                95, 21


    11.   Íåðàçðûâíîñòü äåíåæíîãî                                                      Êóìóëÿòèâíàÿ êàññîâàÿ                                                                                                                                                                                    

            ïîòîêà                                                                                        íàëè÷íîñòü èìååò                                               

                                                                                                               ïîëîæèòåëüíûå çíà÷åíèÿ

                                                                                                               íà êàæäîì øàãå ðàñ÷åòà

     


    Çàêëþ÷åíèå

    Ðåàëèçàöèÿ ïðîåêòà îáåñïå÷èâàåò èíòåãðàëüíûé ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé ýôôåêò â 1358, 6 òûñ. ðóá.  çà ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé ñðîê æèçíè èíâåñòèöèé ïðè íîðìå äèñêîíòà Å = 0, 35.

    Ìàêñèìàëüíûé äåíåæíûé îòòîê ñîñòàâëÿåò 532, 0 òûñ. ðóá. ÷òî ïîêðûâàåòñÿ ñîáñòâåííûì êàïèòàëîì ó÷ðåäèòåëåé ÀÎ.

    Âíóòðåííèé êîýôôèöèåíò ýôôåêòèâíîñòè Å âí. = 1, 3 , ÷òî áîëüøå ïðèíÿòîé ïðè ðàñ÷åòå íîðìû äèñêîíòà ( Å = 0, 35 ) è îáåñïå÷èâàåò ïðåâûøåíèå íàä íîðìîé äèñêîíòà â 3,7 ðàçà äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíîé êîìïåíñàöèè âîçìîæíûõ ðèñêîâ.

    Êîýôôèöèåíò ôèíàíñîâîé óñòîé÷èâîñòè = 3,88.

    Ïîëó÷åííûå ïîêàçàòåëè ïîçâîëÿþò ñäåëàòü âûâîäû î âîçìîæíîñòè ðåàëèçàöèè ïðîåêòà. Íî îêîí÷àòåëüíîå ðåøåíèå ïðèíèìàåò êîíå÷íî æå èíâåñòîð, êîòîðûé âêëàäûâàåò ñâîè äåíüãè â ïðîåêò, òàê êàê ñèñòåìà ðàñ÷åòîâ íå îáÿçàòåëüíî äîëæíà ïîäâîäèòü ê îäíîçíà÷íîìó ðåøåíèþ îòíîñèòåëüíî öåëåñîîáðàçíîñòè òîãî èëè èíîãî ïðîåêòà. Åñëè æå èíâåñòîð ñäåëàë îêîí÷àòåëüíûé âûáîð â ïîëüçó ïðåäëàãàåìîãî ïðîåêòà, òî ìîæíî ïðèñòóïèòü ê ñëåäóþùåìó ýòàïó ðàçðàáîòêè –« Ýòàïó ïðîåêòèðîâàíèÿ ».

     

    Ñïèñîê èñïîëüçóåìîé ëèòåðàòóðû:

     

    1.    Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå óêàçàíèÿ ïî âûïîëíåíèþ êóðñîâîãî ïðîåêòà íà òåìó

    « Òåõíèêî – ýêîíîìè÷åñêîå îáîñíîâàíèå ïðåäïðèíèìàòåëüñêîãî ïðîåêòà » ¹ 2520

    Å. Ã. Íåïîìíÿùèé, Òàãàíðîã 1998 ã.

    2.    Ó÷åáíèê « Ýêîíîìèêà è óïðàâëåíèå ïðåäïðèÿòèåì » Å. Ã. Íåïîìíÿùèé,

    Òàãàíðîã 1998 ã

    .

    3.   Ó÷åáíèê  " Óïðàâëåíèå  îðãàíèçàöèåé "  À.Ã. Ïîðøíåâ,  Ç.Ï. Ðóìÿíöåâà , Í.À.Ñàëîìàòèíà,

    Ì.;  ÈÍÔÐÀ - Ì,  1999 -  669ñ.

    4.  "Ñîâðåìåííàÿ  ýêîíîìèêà"  èçä.  "Ôåíèêñ"  Ðîñòîâ íà  Äîíó,  1995ã.,  608 ñ.,  Î.Þ. Ìàìåäîâ.

    5.  Æóðíàë  "Ãëàâáóõ"  ¹  13,21,  Ì.,  1999ã.,   ÇÀΠ Èçäàòåëüñòâî  "Ãëàâáóõ".

    6.  Æóðíàë  "Ðîññèéñêèé  íàëîãîâûé  êóðüåð", ¹ ¹ 8,11,12., Ì. 1999ã.,  èçäàòåëüñòâî  "Ñòàòóñ - Êâî  97".

    7. Åæåíåäåëüíèê "Áóõãàëòåðñêîå  ïðèëîæåíèå"  ÝÆ, ¹ ¹ 21,27,34,39,  47.,  Ì.,  1999ã., èçäàòåëüñêèé

    äîì  "Ýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ  ãàçåòà".

    8. Ãàçåòà  "Ýêîíîìèêà  è  Æèçíü"  ¹¹ 30,36,46,48.,  Ì.,  1999ã., èçäàòåëüñêèé  äîì  "Ýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ

    ãàçåòà".

    9. Æóðíàë  "Íîðìàòèâíûå  àêòû  äëÿ  áóõãàëòåðà"  ¹¹3,9, 13.,  Ì.,  1999ã.,  èçäàòåëüñòâî  "Ãëàâáóõ".

    10.Æóðíàë  "Áóõãàëòåðñêèé  ó÷åò"  ¹ 2,   Ì.,  1998ã.,  èçäàòåëüñòâî  "Áóõãàëòåðñêèé  ó÷åò".

    11.Óíèâåðñàëüíûé  þðèäè÷åñêèé  ñïðàâî÷íèê  ïðåäïðèíèìàòåëÿ  "Áèçíåñ  â  Ðîññèè",  Ì.Þ. Òèõîìèðîâ,

    Ì., 1996ã.,  775ñ..                                                                                                       

    12.  " Íàñòîëüíàÿ   êíèãà  áóõãàëòåðà -  ïðîôåññèîíàëà",  Ñ.È. Êóìîê,  ÀÎÇÒ "Ìîñêîâñêîå 

    Ôèíàíñîâîå  Îáúåäèíåíèå",  Ì., 1995,   304ñ.

    13.  Ó÷åáíîå  ïîñîáèå  "Áóõãàëòåðñêèé  ó÷åò  è  ôèíàíñîâî - ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé  àíàëèç",  Í.Ï. Êîíäðàêîâ,

    èçäàòåëüñòâî  "Äåëî",  Ì.,  1998ã.,  280ñ..

    14.  Ó÷åáíèê  ïî  îñíîâàì  ýêîíîìè÷åñêîé  òåîðèè,  Â.Ä. Êàìàåâ,  Â.Ô. Ñåìåíîâ,  Ä.Å. Ñîðîêèí,  èçäàòåëüñòâî  "Âëàäîñ",  Ì.,  1995ã.,  384ñ.

    15.  Ó÷åáíèê  "Ìàêðîýêîíîìèêà",  Ò.À. Àãàïîâà,  Ñ.Ô. Ñåðåãèíà, èçäàòåëüñòâî  "ÄÈÑ",  Ì., 1997ã.,416ñ.


    Ñòðàíèöû: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8


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