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  • Ðåôåðàò: Ìàòåìàòè÷åñêîå ìîäåëèðîâàíèå áèïîëÿðíûõ òðàíçèñòîðîâ òèïà p-n-p

              VJE:=0.69;

              CCS:=1e-12;

              RJ:=0.01;

         writeln('       It is default parameters of transistor KT316B (Y/N) ');

         gotoxy(col+3,row+3);

         write('[Forward beta] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+3);

         write(BF);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+4);

         write('[Revers beta] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+4);

         write(BR);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+5);

         write('[Temp. coef. of BETTA (PPM)] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+5);

         write(TCB);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+6);

         write('[Saturation Current] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+6);

         write(Is0);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

         write('[Energy gap (0.6 to 1.3)] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+7);

         write(EG);

         EG:=EG*1.6e-19;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+8);

         write('[CJC0] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+8);

         write(CJC0);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+9);

         write('[CJE0] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+9);

         write(CJE0);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+10);

         write('[Base resistance] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+10);

         write(RB);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+11);

         write('[Collector resistance] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+11);

         write(RC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+12);

         write('[Early Valtage] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+12);

         write(VA);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+13);

         write('[TAU forward] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+13);

         write(TAUF);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+14);

         write('[TAU reverse] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+14);

         write(TAUR);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+15);

         write('[MJC] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+15);

         write(MJC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+16);

         write('[VJC] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+16);

         write(VJC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+17);

         write('[MJE] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+17);

         write(MJE);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+18);

         write('[VJE] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+18);

         write(VJE);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+19);

         write('[CSUB] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+19);

         write(CCS);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+20);

         write('[Minimum junction resistance] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+20);

         write(RJ);

         gotoxy(col+6,row+25);

         write('Accept parameters of transistor (Y/N) ');

         an:=readkey;

             case an of 'y':    goto 3;

                        'Y':    goto 3;

                        'n':    goto 2;

                        'N':    goto 2;

                     else

                     begin

                         sound(500);

                         delay(1000);

                         nosound;

                         goto 1;

                     end;

              end;

    2:   clrscr;

         gotoxy(col+25,row+1);

         write('Input next parameters of transistor');

         gotoxy(col+3,row+3);

         write('[Forward beta] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+3);

         read(BF);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+3);

         write(BF);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+4);

         write('[Revers beta] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+4);

         read(BR);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+4);

         write(BR);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+5);

         write('[Temp. coef. of BETTA (PPM)] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+5);

         read(TCB);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+5);

         write(TCB);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+6);

         write('[Saturation Current] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+6);

         read(Is0);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+6);

         write(Is0);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

         write('[Energy gap (0.6 to 1.3)] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+7);

         read(EG);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+7);

         write(EG);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+8);

         write('[CJC0] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+8);

         read(CJC0);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+8);

         write(CJC0);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+9);

         write('[CJE0] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+9);

         read(CJE0);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+9);

         write(CJE0);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+10);

         write('[Base resistance] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+10);

         read(RB);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+10);

         write(RB);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+11);

         write('[Collector resistance] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+11);

         read(RC);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+11);

         write(RC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+12);

         write('[Early Valtage] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+12);

         read(VA);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+12);

         write(VA);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+13);

         write('[TAU forward] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+13);

         read(TAUF);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+13);

         write(TAUF);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+14);

         write('[TAU reverse] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+14);

         read(TAUR);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+14);

         write(TAUR);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+15);

         write('[MJC] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+15);

         read(MJC);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+15);

         write(MJC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+16);

         write('[VJC] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+16);

         read(VJC);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+16);

         write(VJC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+17);

         write('[MJE] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+17);

         read(MJE);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+17);

         write(MJE);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+18);

         write('[VJE] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+18);

         read(VJE);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+18);

         write(VJE);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+19);

         write('[CSUB] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+19);

         read(CCS);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+19);

         write(CCS);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+20);

         write('[Minimum junction resistance] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+20);

         read(RJ);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+20);

         write(RJ);

         writeln;

    1:   gotoxy(col+6,row+25);

         write('Accept parameters of transistor (Y/N) ');

         an:=readkey;

             case an of  'y':    goto 3;

                         'Y':    goto 3;

                         'n':    goto 2;

                         'N':    goto 2;

                     else

                     begin

                         sound(500);

                         delay(1000);

                         nosound;

                         goto 1;

                     end;

              end;

    3:;

    end;

    Procedure InputCurrent;

    Label 1,2,3;

    begin

         clrscr;

         TNOM:=27;

         T:=21;

         Ueb:=0.8;

         Uec:=2;

         Ucb:=-1.2;

         gotoxy(col+25,row+1);

         write(' Default parameters');

         gotoxy(col+3,row+3);

         write('[Nominal temperature (C)] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+3);

         write(TNOM);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+4);

         write('[Current temperature (C)] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+4);

         write(T);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+5);

         write('[Emitter-Base voltage] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+5);

         write(Ueb);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+6);

         write('[Emitter-Collector voltage] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+6);

         write(Uec);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

         write('[Collector-Base voltage] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+7);

         write(Ucb);

    1:   gotoxy(col+6,row+25);

         write('Accept current parameters (Y/N) ');

         an:=readkey;

             case an of 'y':    goto 3;

                        'Y':    goto 3;

                        'n':    goto 2;

                        'N':    goto 2;

                     else

                     begin

                         sound(500);

                         delay(1000);

                         nosound;

                         goto 1;

                     end;

              end;

    2:   clrscr;

         gotoxy(col+20,row+2);

         write('Input next current parameters');

         gotoxy(col+3,row+3);

         write('[Nominal temperature (C)] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+3);

         read(TNOM);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+3);

         write(TNOM);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+4);

         write('[Current temperature (C)] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+4);

         read(T);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+4);

         write(T);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+5);

         write('[Emitter-Base voltage] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+5);

         read(Ueb);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+5);

         write(Ueb);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+6);

         write('[Emitter-Collector voltage] ');

         gotoxy(col+40,row+6);

         read(Uec);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+6);

         write(Uec);

         if (Ueb = 0) or (Uec = 0) then

         begin

              gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

              write('[Collector-Base voltage] ');

              gotoxy(col+40,row+7);

              read(Ucb);

              gotoxy(col+39,row+7);

              write(Ucb);

              if Uec <> 0 then

              begin

                   Ueb := Uec + Ucb;

                   gotoxy(col+39,row+5);

                   write(Ueb);

              end

              else

              begin

                   Uec := Ueb - Ucb;

                   gotoxy(col+39,row+6);

                   write(Uec);

              end;

              goto 1;

         end;

         Ucb := -(Uec - Ueb);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

         write('[Collector-Base voltage] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+7);

         write(Ucb);

    3:   TNOM:=TNOM+273.15;

         T:=T+273.15;

         BF:=BF*(1+(T-TNOM)*TCB*10e-6);

         BR:=BR*(1+(T-TNOM)*TCB*10e-6);

         gotoxy(col+39,row+8);

    end;

    procedure OutputResult;

    begin

         clrscr;

         writeln('                             It is result ');

         K:=1.38e-23;

         q:=1.6e-19;

         expon:=exp(1.0);

         FIt:=K*T/q;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+3);

         write('[FIt] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+3);

         write(FIt);

         Is:=Is0 * (1+ Uec/VA) * st(T/TNOM,3) * st(expon,-EG/K*(1/T-1/TNOM));

         gotoxy(col+3,row+4);

         write('[Is]');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+4);

         write(Is);

         Uc:=Fit*ln(FIt/(Is*RJ));

         gotoxy(col+3,row+5);

         write('[Uc] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+5);

         write(Uc);

         if (st(expon,(Uec/FIt))-1) < 1e4800/Is then

              Ic:= Is * (st(expon,Uc/FIt)-1)

         else Ic:= 1e4800;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+6);

         write('[Ic]');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+6);

         write(Ic);

         Model(Ueb,Ucb,Ieb,Icb,Ib,Iy);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

         write('[Ieb] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+7);

         write(Ieb);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+8);

         write('[Icb] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+8);

         write(Icb);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+9);

         write('[Ib] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+9);

         write(Ib);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+10);

         write('[Iy] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+10);

         write(Iy);

         Ik:=Iy-Icb;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+11);

         write('[Ik] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+11);

         write(Ik);

         Ie:=Iy+Ieb;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+12);

         write('[Ie] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+12);

         write(Ie);

         If Ueb < VJE/2 then  CJE := CJE0* 1 / st(1- Ueb/VJE,MJE)

         else           CJE := st(2,MJE) * CJE0 * (MJE* Ueb / VJE/2 + 1 - MJE);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+13);

         write('[CJE] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+13);

         write(CJE);

         If Ieb > 0 then      CDE := Ieb * BF * TAUF / FIt

         else                 CDE := 0;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+14);

         write('[CDE] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+14);

         write(CDE);

         CBE:=CJE+CDE;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+15);

         write('[CBE] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+15);

         write(CBE);

         If Ucb < (VJC / 2) then CJC := CJC0 * 1 / st(1- Ucb/VJC,MJC)

         else     CJC := 2 * st(2,MJC) * CJC0 * (MJC * Ucb / VJC / 2 + 1 - MJC);

         gotoxy(col+3,row+16);

         write('[CJC] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+16);

         write(CJC);

         If Icb > 0 then  CDC := Icb * BR * TAUR / FIt

         else             CDC := 0;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+17);

         write('[CDC] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+17);

         write(CDC);

         CBC := CJC + CDC;

         gotoxy(col+3,row+18);

         write('[CBC] ');

         gotoxy(col+39,row+18);

         write(CBC);

         gotoxy(col+6,row+25);

         write('Pres any key to Main menu ');

         readkey;

    end;

    procedure IGraph;

    var

      grDriver: Integer;

      grMode: Integer;

      ErrCode: Integer;

      i,x0,y0: Integer;

      stro1,stro2,stro3,stro4:string;

    begin

        grDriver := Detect;

        InitGraph(grDriver, grMode,'');

        ErrCode := GraphResult;

        if ErrCode = grOk then

        begin  { Do graphics }

            x0:=320;

            y0:=350;

            Kyf:=0;

            OutTextXY(250,10,'Graphic Ib=f(-Ueb)');

            Line(x0, y0-150, x0, Y0+150);

            Line(x0-200, y0, X0+200, Y0);

            setcolor(0);

            LineTo(x0+200, y0-300);

            setcolor(2);

            for i:=200 downto -200 do

            begin

                 Model(Ueb*(i)/200,-(Uec-Ueb*(i)/200),Ieb,Icb,Ib,Iy);

                 if Kyf=0 then

                 begin

                      Kyf:=300/Ib;

                      Str(Ieb,stro1);

                      Str(Ueb,stro2);

                 end;

                 if abs(Kyf*Ib)< 10e5 then  Lineto(x0+i, y0-round(Kyf*Ib));

            end;

            Str(-Ieb,stro3);

            Str(-Ueb,stro4);

            OutTextXY(x0-40,Y0-300,'+Ib = ');

            OutTextXY(x0+3,Y0-300,Stro1);

            OutTextXY(x0+60,Y0+10,'+Ueb = ');

            OutTextXY(x0+100,Y0+10,Stro2);

            OutTextXY(x0-250,Y0+10,'-Ib = ');

            OutTextXY(x0-210,Y0+10,Stro3);

            OutTextXY(x0-300,Y0-10,'-Ueb = ');

            OutTextXY(x0-250,Y0-10,Stro4);

            OutTextXY(40,470,'Pres any key to Main menu');

            Readkey;

            CloseGraph;

        end

        else Writeln('Graphics error:', GraphErrorMsg(ErrCode));

    end;

    procedure OGraph;

    var

      grDriver: Integer;

      grMode: Integer;

      ErrCode: Integer;

      i,x0,y0: Integer;

      stro1,stro2,stro3,stro4:string;

    begin

        grDriver := Detect;

        InitGraph(grDriver, grMode,'');

        ErrCode := GraphResult;

        if ErrCode = grOk then

        begin  { Do graphics }

            x0:=320;

            y0:=240;

            Kyf:=0;

            OutTextXY(250,10,'Graphic Ik=f(Uec)');

            Line(x0, y0-150, x0, Y0+150);

            Line(x0-200, y0, X0+200, Y0);

            setcolor(0);

            LineTo(x0+200, round(y0-Kyf*Ik));

            setcolor(2);

            Kyf:=0;

            for i:=200 downto -200 do

            begin

                 if (i>0) or (i=0) then

                 begin

                      Is:=Is0 * (1+ Uec*(i)/200/VA) * st(T/TNOM,3) * st(expon,-EG/K*(1/T-1/TNOM));

                      Uc:=Fit*ln(FIt/(Is*RJ));

                      Ic:= Is * (st(expon,Uc/FIt)-1);

                      Model(Ueb,Ueb-Uec*(i)/200,Ieb,Icb,Ib,Iy);

                      Ik:=Iy-Icb;

                 end;

                 if i<0 then

                 begin

                      Is:=Is0 * (1- Uec*(i)/200/VA) * st(T/TNOM,3) * st(expon,-EG/K*(1/T-1/TNOM));

                      Uc:=Fit*ln(FIt/(Is*RJ));

                      Ic:= Is * (st(expon,Uc/FIt)-1);

                      Model(Ueb+Uec*(i)/200,Ueb,Ieb,Icb,Ib,Iy);

                      Ik:=(Iy-Icb);

                 end;

                 if Kyf=0 then

                 begin

                      Kyf:=abs(20/Ik);

                      Str(Ik,stro1);

                      Str(Uec,stro2);

                      setcolor(0);

                      LineTo(x0+200, round(y0-Kyf*Ik));

                      setcolor(2);

                 end;

                 if abs(Kyf*Ik)< 10e5 then

                 Lineto(x0+i, y0-round(Kyf*Ik));

            end;

            OutTextXY(x0-40,Y0-210,'+Ik = ');

            OutTextXY(x0+3,Y0-210,Stro1);

            OutTextXY(x0+60,Y0+10,'+Uec = ');

            OutTextXY(x0+100,Y0+10,Stro2);

            OutTextXY(40,470,'Pres any key to Main menu');

            Readkey;

            CloseGraph;

        end

        else Writeln('Graphics error:', GraphErrorMsg(ErrCode));

    end;

    begin

         textbackground(1);

         textcolor(14);

         col:=-2;

         row:=0;

    repeat

         clrscr;

        writeln('               Mogel p-n-p transistor Eabers-Mol whith 1 SIDI');

         writeln;

         writeln('                                 Main menu');

         writeln;

         writeln('1: Input parameters of transistor');

         writeln('2: Input current parameters');

         writeln('3: Output text result');

         writeln('4: Input-graphic result');

         writeln('5: Output-graphic result');

         writeln('ECS:exit');

         key:=Readkey;

         case key of '1':     InputTrans;

                     '2':     InputCurrent;

                     '3':     OutputResult;

                     '4':     IGraph;

                     '5':     OGraph;

                     #27:     halt ;

                     else

                     begin

                          sound(500);

                          delay(1000);

                          nosound;

                     end;

         end;

         until key=#27;

         {donewincrt;}

    end.


    4.    Ðåøåíèå êîíòðîëüíîé çàäà÷è 5.    Ìîäåëèðîâàíèå ýëåêòðîííûõ óñòðîéñòâ

    .model KT315v  NPN(Is=21.11f Xti=3 Eg=1.11 Vaf=157 Bf=81.09 Ise=321.2f

    +  Ne=1.458 Ikf=.2017 Nk=.4901 Xtb=1.5 Br=1 Isc=84.36f Nc=1.317

    +  Ikr=1.671 Rb=12 Rc=1.426 Cjc=9.716p Mjc=.33 Vjc=.75 Fc=.5 Cje=18.5p

    +  Mje=.33 Vje=.75 Tr=275.6n Tf=321.4p Itf=1 Xtf=2 Vtf=60)

     

               Ãðàôèê âèäà çàâèñèìîñòè Ic = f(Ube)            Ãðàôèê âèäà  çàâèñèìîñòè Ube = f(Ibe)

                           ïðîãðàììû ORCAD 9.1;                                         ìîåé ïðîãðàììû


    Çàêëþ÷åíèå

    Ïðîãðàììà, íàïèñàííàÿ ïî óêàçàííîìó àëãîðèòìó, ïîäòâåðäèëà ñïðàâåäëèâîñòü ýòèõ àëãîðèòìîâ è  îòíîñèòåëüíóþ òî÷íîñòü ìàòåìàòè÷åñêîãî îïèñàíèÿ áèïîëÿðíûõ òðàíçèñòîðîâ. Ðåçóëüòàòû ïîëó÷åííîé ïðîãðàììû ñðàâíèâàëèñü ñ ïðîôåññèîíàëüíûìè CAD ïðîãðàììàìè äëÿ îäíèõ è òåõ æå òðàíçèñòîðîâ è îäèíàêîâûõ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ ïàðàìåòðàõ. Íåìíîãî èçìåíÿÿ âõîäíûå ïàðàìåòðû âîçìîæíî äîñòàòî÷íî áëèçêî ïðèáëèçèòñÿ ê èõ ðåçóëüòàòàì.

      Ïîëó÷åííàÿ ïðîãðàììà ïîçâîëÿåò ðåøàòü ïîñòàâëåííûå ïåðåä íåþ ïðîáëåìû, íî íå îáëàäàåò óäîáñòâîì â èñïîëüçîâàíèè è òðåáóåò äîðàáîòêè.

     äàëüíåéøåì âîçìîæíî äîáàâëåíèå áîëåå ñëîæíûõ ìîäåëåé, ïîçâîëÿþùèõ ïðîâîäèòü àíàëèç ïî ïîñòîÿííîìó òîêó, íî è ïî ïåðåìåííîìó íà âûñîêèõ ÷àñòîòàõ, â ðåæèìå ìàëîãî ñèãíàëà.

    Äëÿ óìåíüøåíèÿ ïîãðåøíîñòè ïðè âû÷èñëåíèÿõ ìîæíî íàïèñàòü ïðîãðàììó ïîä Windows, ãäå ðàçðÿäíîñòü äàííûõ óâåëè÷åíà è äîñòèãàåò 64 áèòà. Ýòîò ìåòîä ïîçâîëèò óëó÷øèòü óäîáñòâî â ðàáîòå ñ ïðîãðàììîé. 

     


    Áèáëèîãðàôè÷åñêèé ñïèñîê

    1.    Âëàõ Í., Ñèíãõàë Ê.  Ìàøèííûå ìåòîäû àíàëèçà è ïðîåêòèðîâàíèÿ ýëåêòðîííûõ ñõåì.

    Ì. : Ðàäèî è ñâÿçü, 1988 – 560 ñòð.

    2.    Â. È. Ëà÷èí, Í.Ñ. Ñàâ¸ëîâ Ýëåêòðîíèêà.

    3.    Íîñîâ Þ. Ð., Ïåòðîñÿíö Ê. Î., Øèëèí Â. À. Ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèå ìîäåëè Ýëåìåíòîâ èíòåãðàëüíîé ýëåêòðîíèêè.

    Ì. : Ñîâ. ðàäèî, 1976 – 304 ñòð.

    4.    Ñèãîðñêèé Â. Ï., Ïåòðåíêî À.È. Àëãîðèòìû àíàëèçà ýëåêòðîííûõ ñõåì.

    Ì. : Ñîâ. ðàäèî, 1976 – 608 ñòð.

    5.    Ìèãóëèí È. Í., ×àïîâñêèé Ì. Ç. Óñèëèòåëüíûå óñòðîéñòâà íà òðàíçèñòîðàõ.

    6.    Ëåêöèè ïî äèñöèïëèíå “Ìåòîäû àíàëèçà è ðàñ÷¸òà ýëåêòðîííûõ ñõåì”.


    Ñòðàíèöû: 1, 2


    Ïðèãëàøåíèÿ

    09.12.2013 - 16.12.2013

    Ìåæäóíàðîäíûé êîíêóðñ õîðåîãðàôè÷åñêîãî èñêóññòâà â ðàìêàõ Ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ôåñòèâàëÿ èñêóññòâ «ÐÎÆÄÅÑÒÂÅÍÑÊÀß ÀÍÄÎÐÐÀ»

    09.12.2013 - 16.12.2013

    Ìåæäóíàðîäíûé êîíêóðñ õîðîâîãî èñêóññòâà â ÀÍÄÎÐÐÅ «ÐÎÆÄÅÑÒÂÅÍÑÊÀß ÀÍÄÎÐÐÀ»




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